4-Aminobutyric acid CAS 56-12-2
γ -aminobutyric acid, English name: γ -aminobutyric acid(GABA), chemical name: 4-aminobutyric acid; Alternative names: γ -aminobutyric acid, aminobutyric acid, piperidinic acid, widely distributed in animals and plants.
CAS : 56-12-2
Formula : C4H9NO2
Mol. wt. : 103.12
EINECS : 200-258-6
| CAS | 56-12-2 |
| Molecular formula | C4H9NO2 |
| Molecular weight | 103.12 |
| EIENCS | 200-258-6 |
| Form | Powder |
| Melting point | 195 °C (dec.) (lit.) |
| boling point | 248.0±23.0 °C(Predicted) |
| Density | 1.2300 (estimate) |
| Solubility | SOLUBLE |
| PKA | |
| Color | White to nearly white |
| Storage temp | 2-8°C |
γ -aminobutyric acid, English name: γ -aminobutyric acid(GABA), chemical name: 4-aminobutyric acid; Alternative names: γ -aminobutyric acid, aminobutyric acid, piperidinic acid, widely distributed in animals and plants. The seeds, roots, stems and tissue fluids of plants such as Legumes, ginseng and Chinese herbal medicines all contain γ -aminobutyric acid. In Chemicalbook animals, GABA is almost exclusively present in neural tissues, with a content of approximately 0.1-0.6mg/g in brain tissue. Immunological studies have shown that the region with the highest concentration is the substantia nigra in the brain. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter that has been studied in depth at present. It participates in various metabolic activities and has high physiological activity.
White flaky or needle-like crystals; Slightly odorous and deliquescent; It is highly soluble in water, slightly soluble in hot ethanol, and insoluble in cold ethanol, ether and benzene. The decomposition point is 202℃. LD50(rat, abdominal cavity) 5400mg/kg.
γ -aminobutyric acid is a strong neuroinhibitory amino acid, which has physiological effects such as sedation, hypnosis, anticonvulsant and blood pressure-lowering. It is inhibitory neurotransmitter (InhibitoryNeurotransmitter), can inhibit the activity of animals, reduce the consumption of energy. Aminobutyric acid acts on the γ -aminobutyric acid receptor in animal cells. The γ -aminobutyric acid receptor is a chloride ion channel. The inhibitory or excitatory nature of γ -aminobutyric acid depends on the concentration of chloride ions inside and outside the cell membrane. After the γ -aminobutyric acid receptor is activated, the chloride ion channel opens, which can increase the permeability of the cell membrane to chloride ions. Chloride ions are allowed to flow into nerve cells, causing hyperpolarization of the cell membrane and inhibiting the excitability of nerve cells, thereby reducing the animal's physical activity.
The main inhibitory neurotransmitters in the brain; GABAA and GABAB receptor stimulants; Increase the conductivity of Cl−.
γ -aminobutyric acid has the effect of lowering blood lipids and is suitable for the treatment and prevention of various types of hepatic coma. It is used to treat poliomyelitis and cerebral hemorrhage, and can also be used as an antidote for gas poisoning and a pharmaceutical intermediate. It is also used in biochemical research and organic synthesis.
It can reduce blood ammonia and promote brain metabolism. It is used to treat various types of hepatic coma, as well as coma caused by sequelae of cerebral stroke, cerebral arteriosclerosis, sequelae of head trauma, uremia, carbon monoxide poisoning, etc.
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