D-Trehalose Dihydrate CAS 6138-23-4, D-Trehalose Dihydrate, CAS 6138-23-4
Enzyme conversion method: Maltooligosaccharides are catalyzed by trehalose synthase, with a conversion rate of over 95%. It has a low cost but poor enzyme stability.
6138-23-4
C12H22O11·2H2O
378.33
612-140-5
| CAS | 6138-23-4 |
| Molecular formula | C12H22O11·2H2O |
| Molecular weight | 378.33 |
| EIENCS | 612-140-5 |
| Form | powder |
| Melting point | 97-99 °C |
| boling point | 115.3 °C |
| Density | / |
| Solubility | H2O: 50 mg/mL |
| PKA | / |
| Color | / |
| Storage temp | room temp |
Molecular formula and structure
Molecular formula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁·2H₂O (dihydrate)
Molecular weight: 378.33 g/mol
Structure: Non-reducing disaccharide, formed by the connection of two glucose molecules through α,α-1, 1-glycosidic bonds.
Appearance: White or off-white crystalline powder, sweet in taste, odorless.
1. Mainstream production methods
Microbial fermentation method
Strain: Engineered yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) or Chlorella.
Process: Amylase hydrolysis → Yeast fermentation → ion exchange purification → crystallization, yield >80%.
Enzyme conversion method: Maltooligosaccharides are catalyzed by trehalose synthase, with a conversion rate of over 95%. It has a low cost but poor enzyme stability.
2. High-purity injection grade process (patented technology)
Double crystallization purification
Hot dissolution and cold crystallization: Dissolve at 80℃ → crystallize at 1-3 ℃/min (purity ↑ to 95%).
Ethanol recrystallization: Crystallization of 80-92% ethanol solution with uniform particle size (purity >99.5%).
Key to impurity removal
Pyrogenic removal: 3000-5000 Da ultrafiltration membranes retain bacterial endotoxins.
Sterile portioning: 0.22 μm PVDF membrane filtration + portioning in A Class A GMP environment.
1. Biological product protective agent
Protein/Vaccine stabilization: By forming a "glassy" protective layer, it prevents protein denaturation during freeze-drying or high temperatures. It is used in biological preparations such as monoclonal antibodies and viral vector vaccines, and its activity can be stored at room temperature for up to 12 months.
Cell cryopreservation: Replacing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), it reduces cytotoxicity and increases the cryopreservation recovery rate by 15-20%.
2. Food industry
Functional additive
Anti-freezing and water retention: Added to frozen foods (ice cream, quick-frozen dough), it inhibits the growth of ice crystals and improves the taste (dosage 1-3%).
Sweetness replacement: 45% of sucrose in sweetness, low in calories (3.94 kcal/g), used in sugar-free beverages and diabetic foods.
3. Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics
Pharmaceutical excipients
Injection: High-purity (>99.5%) products are used for infusion to regulate osmotic pressure and reduce the risk of hemolysis.
Osteoporosis treatment: Inhibit the decomposition of bone collagen and promote the activity of osteoblasts (clinical dosage: 50-100 mg per day).
Cosmetics
Moisturizing and repairing: Enhance the water-holding capacity of the stratum corneum, used in essence and masks (add 0.5-2%).
4. Agriculture and Biotechnology
Plant stress resistance agents: Genetically modified crops express trehalose synthase, enhancing drought/cold resistance by 30% and extending the post-harvest freshness period of fruits and vegetables.
Microbial culture: As a carbon source for heterotrophic microorganisms such as Chlorella, it promotes high-density fermentation (glucose substitution).
Toxicity data
Oral administration of LD₅₀ >5000 mg/kg in rats (actually non-toxic), non-allergenic, and skin contact only causes mild irritation.
Regulatory certification
Food grade: FDA GRAS, EU EFSA certified, with no limit on the allowable daily intake (ADI).
Pharmaceutical grade: Complies with the 2020 Edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia and USP-NF 38 standards, with bacterial endotoxin <0.10 EU/mg.
Storage requirements
Cool, dry and sealed (temperature <30°C, relative humidity <60%), away from strong oxidants.
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